“Does your urinary stream end with a dribble?” Gradient of a line drawn between the maximum flow rate and the end of flow was <0.25 and if, in the terminal 15 s of uninterrupted flow, the flow rate did not exceed 5 ml/s at any point. Terminal dribbling was noted to be bothersome.Ĥ4 % in questionnaire, 27 % in uroflowmetry Uroflowmetry and transrectal ultrasonography were done. “Dribbling after urinating.” (Confusion with post-void dribbling) ![]() Post-void dribbling was aggravated after transurethral prostatectomy. “Do you experience dribbling after voiding, when you feel you have finished urination?” (Confusion with post-void dribbling) Undetermined impact of terminal dribbling Patients were asked to rate the frequency of dribbling after urination. Suggested a guideline with a 10 item questionnaire including terminal dribbling. No specific definition of terminal dribbling. Table 4 summarizing the previous studies related with TD indicates that the prevalence of TD is much greater in the LUTS patients than in the community people. Clinical studies on this topic should describe the demographic characteristics of the subjects, the prevalence of TD, the questionnaire used, and the definition of TD. To achieve the consistency, we conducted face-to-face interview by a single investigator using standardized definition of TD. Additionally, the ICS previously removed the term “terminal dribbling” because of its similarity with post-void dribbling, which could be the main reason why there have been few studies on this issue. The pathogenesis of post-micturition dribbling involves weakness of the bulbocavernosus muscle, which results in failure to evacuate urine that has pooled and trapped in the bulbar area of the urethra after voiding. Post-void dribbling was recently determined to be one of post-micturition symptoms that is distinct from TD. Moreover, several reports have regarded TD as an initial or mild form of post-void dribbling. Before this definition, the studies performed in 1990s used various definitions of TD. The current concept of TD was first addressed on the ICS male questionnaire and has been defined by ICS recommendations in 2002. One of the difficulties encountered in earlier studies regarding TD was the lack of a clear definition ensuring that patients could discriminate it from post-void dribbling. When classified by uroflowmetry-confirmed TD, the number of patients with IPP was significantly higher in uroflowmetry-confirmed TD group (95 out of 157) than that in patients who did not show the typical finding of TD in uroflowmetry test (153 out of 421) (Odds ratio 2.67). The number of patients with IPP was not significantly different in TD group than that in non-TD group (p value 0.402). Among 578 men with LUTS, IPP was observed in 248 patients (42.9 %). However, IPSS total score, IPSS voiding subscale score, IPSS storge subscale score, and IPSS QoL score in TD group were significantly higher than those in non-TD group. There were no significant differences between TD and non-TD groups with respect to age, PSA, prostate volume or prostate transitional zone volume. When the patients were classified with age, 23 men (10.1 %) in their 40’s complained of TD, 65 men (28.6 %) in their 50’s complained of TD, 81 men (35.7 %) in their 60’s, and 58 men (25.6 %) in their 70’s, respectively. Typical findings such as slowly decreasing flow with trickling/dribbling at the end of the void were observed in these patients (Fig. Among these 226 men who complained of TD, TD was confirmed in 157 men (uroflowmetry-confirmed TD group) by subsequent uroflowmetry. Among 578 men with LUTS, 226 men (39.1 %) complained of TD. The mean age of subjects was 62.4 years, the median prostate volume was 31.0 cm 3, and the median transitional volume was 12.0 cm 3 (Table 1). IPSS, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostate volume, prostate transitional zone volume and IPP on transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS), and the answer to the TD item on the ICS male questionnaire were recorded for each subject. Fifty seven of these men were excluded from our study due to biopsy proven prostate cancer, other malignancies, previous medication for LUTS, past history of surgery for BPH or other pelvic diseases, neurologic abnormalities, or missing data. The patients with LUTS mean that the patients who have storage symptoms, voiding symptoms or post micturition symptoms as described in the previous study. AS 14156) approved this retrospective study. ![]() This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments appropriate ethical review boards (Korea University Medical Center Ansan Hospital IRB No. The study comprised 635 consecutive male LUTS patients aged 40 years and older attending as new patients at the outpatient clinic between January 2008 and July 2013.
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